Wednesday, July 6, 2011

"O Brave New World"

"The Savage stood looking on. 'O brave new world, O brave new world...' In his mind the signing words seemed to change their tone. They had mocked him though his misery and remorse, mocked him with how hideous a note of cynical derision!" (Brave New World, page 210)


I was going back through all of my blogs and trying to figure out what to write about for my final blog. Then,  I realized I never commented about John continually saying the phrase "O brave new world". I know this is an allusion to The Tempest. However, I am going to comment on something other than just the allusion aspect of this quote.  Every time I read this line coming from John's mouth I found it ironic. From the very beginning John thought so much about this new world. John continually asked his mother questions about this "other place" and he always longed to be able to be apart of it. Yet, when John finally got the chance to be apart of this dream world, he didn't understand it at all and grew to despise every little detail about this society. I think this is similar to how people view a lot of things today. When something new is mentioned and described to people, often people are drawn and attracted to it. However, a lot of the time it turns out that it was better in theory or in thought. The concept of something new is exciting. Similarly, this is a theme that was established in Chapter 17 of the book. The New World society was based on new things. Old things were done away with because they were less exciting and they could not produce the happiness and prosperity of the society in which they lived. In result, the "perfect society" was one seriously messed up world. (In my opinion anyway).

Maybe this was another theme of the novel that the author was trying to relay back to the reader. We need to treasure everything that life hands us. Just because some things are less exciting or older doesn't mean they aren't as wonderful. By being open to a diversity of things, we open our eyes to a lot more and become better, well rounded individuals. In this way, maybe people can change and we can avoid living in a crazy, selfish world. Maybe there is hope for us all.

Overall Reaction

"Slowly, very slowly, like two hundred unhurried compass needles, the feet turned towards the right; north, north-east, east, south-east, south, south-south-west; then paused, and, after a few seconds, turned as unhurriedly back towards the left.  South-south-west, south, south-east, east...."  (Brave New World, page 259)



I definitely wasn't expecting the book to end this way. In fact, I thought it was a really weird ending. I had decided that John was the protagonist of the book because he had done the most to change the society in which he had been placed in. However, looking back, he really didn't do very much. And, in the end, he killed himself because he didn't know what else to do with the life he was living. He was tormented and tortured to the point where he didn't want to live anymore. I figured that out of all of the people in the book, John would be the one character that would find purpose and meaning in his life. John was the only one who had a different upbringing and this is why I concluded that he would change a lot more than what he actually did.

Also, I figured that there would be more of a direct and meaningful ending. Maybe there is and I'm just missing it. I'm sure we will talk about it in August. Throughout the entire book, it seemed like the author was trying to prove a point about society. I assumed that the ending of the book would really make you think about life and the meaning of life. 

Well, that's one way to solve problems (Brave New World-18)

"'Savage!' called the first arrivals, as they alighted from their machine. 'Mr. Savage!'
There was no answer. 
The door of the lighthouse was ajar. They pushed it open and walked into a shuttered twilight. Through an archway on the further side of the room they could see the bottom of the staircase that led up to the higher floors. Just under the crown of the arch dangled a pair of feet." (Brave New World, page 259)


The resolution to the book comes when John isolates himself in a lighthouse and actually ends up killing himself. Although, this was a strange ending to the book and not exactly the best way to solve the conflicts that arose in the book, I thought it was pretty symbolic. At then end of the novel, John found himself fighting against himself to find truth and purity in the world in which he was living. However, the world around him thought he was a freak and a sight to be laughed at and ridiculed. This is similar to a theme of the book. Throughout the entire story, there was a fight between some character and the rest of the society in which they were living. Ultimately at the end, the fight was between John and everyone else. He was the only one in the world in which he lived that was looking for the right ideals and values. Unfortunately, he could not find them and he ended up hanging himself. It didn't necessarily solve the problems that arose from the course of the novel, but it did show the theme of contrasting views that was apparent in every chapter of the novel.

The beauty of religion. Finally! (Brave New World-17)

"'We are not our own any more than what we possess is our own. We did not make ourselves, we cannot be supreme over ourselves. We are not our own masters. We are God's property. Is it not our happiness thus to view the matter? Is it any happiness or any comfort, to consider that we are our own? It may be thouught so by the young and prosperous. These may think it a great thing to have everything, as they suppose, their own way--to depend on no one--to have to think of nothing out of sight, to be without the irksomeness of continual acknowledgment, continual prayer, continual reference of what they do to the will of another. But as time goes on, they, as all men, will find that independence was not made for man--that it is an unnatural state--will do for a while, but will not carry us on safely to the end...'" (Brave New World, page 232)


This chapter surprised me. I never thought that actual religion would come into the novel. However, it is interesting to see how the Controller is aware of religion but refuses to implement it into society. Mustapha Mond tells John that if the people in the New World were to have religion, happiness would be not be reachable. The New World society is built upon stability. The society is built upon gratification of one self. However, the possibility of God and an actual purpose in life is a foreign concept. If religion were to be apart of the New World, the people would no longer feel in control of their own lives. Thus, the stability on which the society is built is lost. If people were to feel loss and to feel actual pain and suffering, a need for something greater (God) would be necessary. However, since no one (except John) feels this, religion is an inconceivable idea. 


The society as a whole now makes sense to me. Everything goes back to how the people are conditioned at the very beginning of their existence. Because they are created and trained in an non-human way, they don't  act like humans created by God who have the free will. Instead, they act like how they are programmed to act. They aren't given the gift to be an individual and therefore they cannot think about God's will for our lives.

What is happiness? (Brave New World-16)

"'The world's stable now. People are happy; they get what they want, and they never want what they can't get. They're well off; they're safe; they're never ill; they're not afraid of death; they're blissfully ignorant of passion and old age; they're plagued with no mothers or fathers; they've got no wives, or children, or lovers to feel strongly about; they're so conditioned that they practically can't help behaving as they ought to behave. And if anything should go wrong, they're soma.'" (Brave New World, page 220)


I'm beginning to wonder if Aldous Huxley purposefully made this book to show what an extreme version of our world would be like. The Controller, Mustapha Mond, stated how their society is a society based on consumerism. The society is full of citizens who want new things, thus old things are done away with.  Working to create "social stability" is the sole purpose and in doing so, "happiness" is created. However, this happiness isn't the happiness that we all know of. "Happiness" is the instant gratification of whatever they can find that is new to them. Whatever makes the people feel good is what will make them happy. (Hello Hedonistic Society- my blog #3!!!)


Although our society isn't as extreme, we are very consumer driven. If something can satisfy our desires, it is automatically more attractive. Having more and consuming more makes people happy. Our world is so focused on producing materials and consuming materials. In fact, it is the basis of our economy. Supply and demand. If they supply it, we want it. It may be that the author didn't mean to compare the New World society with the society we live in today. Regardless, I think it is very true. The selfish and pleasuring society presented in the book and our daily lives is evident. It is almost scary to think of all of the awful things that could come of a society based on the wrong ideals...

John to the rescue! (Brave New World-15)

"'Free, free!' the savage shouted, and with one hand continued to throw the soma into the area while, with the other he punched the indistinguishable faces of his assailants." (Brave New World, page 213)


I think I have finally established the protagonist. All along I thought that the protagonist would be Bernard, but it turns out to be John. John takes his rebellious attitude toward this society and puts it into action. He throws away their soma in effort to fix some of the problems with their world. He knows the danger that soma causes, seeing as it killed his mother, and he wants to show how happiness does not lie in soma or sex. John sees how soma is used for escaping every human emotion that people are supposed to experience. However, people in the New World do not experience any of these emotions. Instead, they remain like children and babies rather than deal with pain and suffering. By John taking action, he becomes the protagonist. John seems to be the one  character who will actually do something and start to change the messed up world that everyone lives in. It will be interesting to see what John can do. Especially because at the end of the chapter he was taken away by the police. Even if John is unable to carry out and produce change in the New World, he will still be the one character who initiated a type of change in the society.

A different outlook on death (Brave New World-14)

"They met his eyes and simultaneously grinned. One of them pointed with his eclair butt.
'Is she dead?' he asked.
The Savage stared at them for a moment in silence. Then in silence he rose to his feet, in silence slowly walked towards the door.
'Is she dead?' repeated the inquisitive twin trotting at his side.
The Savage looked down at him and still without speaking pushed him away. The twin fell on the floor and at once began to howl. The Savage did not even look round." (Brave New World, page 207)


I feel bad for John in this chapter. All his life, John has been surrounded by a completely different society. His mother constantly told stories of the glory of this "other place" and John longed to be able to see this place for himself. However, now that he is in this place with his dying mother, he wants nothing more but to be anywhere but in the "Park Lane Hospital for the Dying". In an unfamilar place, John is given anything but comfort. Instead, he is given a drugged mother who continually calls her son, Pope, a name of one of her former lovers that John absolutely hated. (The author is using an apostrophe here. To further add to the dying state of Linda, the author uses an apostrophe to show how her mind is completely gone.) The nurses in the hospital could care less about Linda's lifelessness, instead they focus only on the children and conditioning them properly to handle death. Now faced with the death of his mother, John doesn't know what to do or where to go. This whole chapter was an example of how different the Reservation society is from the New World society. Death is just a five letter word to the people in the New World. However, to John, death is real and sad. John is grieving, but unfortunately, he is alone. John is now stuck in a world where he doesn't belong, doesn't understand, and has no one else to turn to.

First comes love, then comes...rejection? (Brave New World-13)

"There was a moment's silence; then, in a very low voice 'I love you more than anything in the world,' he said.
'Then why on earth didn't you say so?' she cried, and intense was her exasperation that she drove her sharp nails into the skin of his wrist." (Brave New World, page 192)


Poor John. So much for loving Lenina. I kind of expected this to happen. The different societies in which they were raised made it impossible for the two characters to ever be actually capable of loving each other. Love for John means pure and real emotion whereas Lenina thinks sex is true love. The author creates a mood of emotion in this chapter. The chapter begins by the reader seeing the conflict that Lenina is facing in her feelings for John. In result of her conflict, she goes to see John. John confesses his love for Lenina. In result, an atmosphere of enthrallment is created. However, this mood is quickly changed when John becomes infuriated with Lenina and he calls her a "whore". Effectively, the reader's attention is captured by creating this mood. The authors diction and imagery create a scene that is easily pictured. By creating these different moods, the reader is also able to better understand the characters. The true personality of both characters in this chapter is further identified. It could also be said that John and Lenina are foil character's. John and Lenina are completely different. Their personality, actions and their values are opposites. In this way, they are foil characters to each other. In result of this, the reader is truly able to distinguish the differences between the two  characters of this novel.

Emotional Roller-coaster (Brave New World-12)

"It was the sort of idea that might easily decondition the more unsettled minds among the higher castes--make them lose their faith in happiness as the Sovereign Good and take to believing, instead, that the goal was somewhere beyond, somewhere outside the present human sphere; that the purpose of life was not the maintenance of well-being, but some intensification and refining of consciousness, some enlargement of knowledge. Which was, the Controller reflected, quite possibly true." (Brave New World, page 177)


From the very beginning of this book I had always thought that the people of this different society were almost like robots. They are trained from the very beginning of their life to act and behave a certain way. They didn't seem like individuals because they are all prompted to behave similarly. However, throughout the last few chapters and especially in chapter 12, I have noticed something contrary to my initial thinking. All of these people have emotions. Most of the people deal with their emotions by drowning their sorrows or other feelings in soma.  I guess this is why I never really noticed the emotional state of these beings in previous chapters. They all just sort of deal with their emotions by drugging themselves. However, in this chapter, it became extremely evident that these people are actual people and not just some trained robot. For example, Bernard is "pale, distraught, abject and agitated" and he weeps when his attempt at a party fails miserably. Lenina is an emotional wreck when she is going through the possibilities of whether John may like her or not. Bernard feels jealous of Helmholtz's feeling of happiness and achievement. All of these little emotions further prove how human these people are. They are trained to believe certain things and act a particular way, but in the end they are individuals. They are able to think for themselves. The mind is a powerful thing. I think that if these people were to really use their brains and follow their emotions instead of what they have been trained to believe, their society would be completely different.

Life...it's overrated anyway...(Brave New World-11)

"'Of course,' Dr. Shaw went on, 'you can't allow people to go popping off into eternity if they've got any serious work to do. But as she hasn't go any serious work...'
'All the same,' John persisted, 'I don't believe it's right...'
The doctor shrugged his shoulders. 'Well, of course, if you prefer to have her screaming mad all the time...'
(Brave New World, page 155)

John is introduced to this "brave new world" but is actually appalled. John sees this new world as a inhumane and immoral place (I thought the same thing, John!). It doesn't help that John is viewed and regarded as a savage rather than an actual human being. However, most people in this "new world" have a different outlook on life.This simple fact becomes more evident in this chapter when John is the only person who is against his mother, Linda, taking an excessive amount of soma. The doctors are perfectly fine with this even though they know it will kill her within a month or two. Then the doctor explains to John that human beings are things that should be “used up until they wear out.”. This is sort of the epitome of what this "utopian" world is like. There isn't really a point to their life. They live their daily lives, pleasure themselves, and then eventually die. There is no regard or value in life. This concept is similar to Bernard calling Lenina "a piece of meat". People, and especially non-working people, are viewed as a type of material. People become unimportant and disposable when they cannot contribute to society any longer.

Ironically, I see a similarity with this in today's world. Although it isn't as extreme, the value of human life is somewhat taken for granted. Unless you can make a name for yourself, you aren't seen as good enough. We live in a society that is so media influenced that being yourself and being an individual isn't even valued anymore. People are so consumed with themselves and so focused on making sure that they have a good life that they forget to live their own lives. People forget the value of life and the purpose as to why we are living in the first place. Instead we focus on trivial, unimportant things. Unfortunately, this is similar to the "brave new world" that John is discovering. 

Monday, July 4, 2011

"The hive of industry" (Brave New World-10)

"The hands of all the four thousand electric clocks in all the Bloomsbury Center's four thousand rooms marked twenty-seven minutes past two. 'This hive of industry,' as the Director was fond of calling, was in the full buzz of work. Every one was busy, everything in ordered motion." (Brave New World, page 146)


Although the chapter itself has more to do with than just the industry of hatchery center, an important extended metaphor is created. The director (and the author) refer to the industry as a hive and it being "full buzz of work". They are comparing the industry to a bee hive and a colony of bees. In doing so, an image is painted of people working constantly and quickly to create their ideal society. It is interesting to view the hatchery center as a beehive. I also find it somewhat ironic to view the London hatchery as a beehive. In the hatchery, people work to create beings (in a very unnatural way) but nonetheless, they create humans for their society. Similarly, bees use their beehives to store food and the offspring bees being created. Just as people are being created in the hatchery, bees are being created in the hive. I find this interesting because it somewhat degrades the work of the hatchery workers and the society as a whole. They work together quickly and do the work they are required to do, however, they are being compared to bees. Bees are insects who pollinate things and reproduce, then pollinate and reproduce again. It is almost funny because this is a mindset that I have had since the beginning of the novel. These people are no better than insects or animals. They act on instinct and instinct alone. Subsequently, they are not able to see the beauty in the actuality of how life is supposed to be created. However, I doubt the author intended for the people to be compared to bees in this aspect. I think that Aldous Huxley was comparing the two in this way; the people and society in which they live is a busy and thriving society. It thrives because of the work and it is very routine and in this way it is similar to the work and life of a colony of bees. Now that the metaphor is presented, the reader is able to clearly see what life in this hatchery is really like according to the author's vision.

Short chapter, big irony (Brave New World- 9)

"Then suddenly he found himself reflecting that he had only to take hold of the zipper at her neck and give it one long, strong pull...He shut his eyes, he shook his head with the gesture of a dogs shaking its ears as it emerges from the water. Detestable thought! He was ashamed of himself. Pure and vestal modesty..." (Brave New World, page 145)


So, from this chapter and especially this quote, we are able to see the type of person that John is. While Bernard is away, he searches through Lenina's belongings. He admires all of her clothes and the smells that fill the air. He finally sees Lenina lying on the bed asleep. John stares at her and swoons over her beauty. While gazing upon Lenina, John begins to quote Shakespeare. Not only is he quoting Shakespeare, but he is quoting the love story of Romeo and Juliet. He admires the beauty in Lenina and he longs to be able to touch her hand. He also imagines unzipping her jacket. However, he immediately stops thinking these absurd, "detestable thoughts" because he does not want to ruin her. He looks at her as a pure woman. However, this is very ironic. Although John views Lenina in an immaculate way, she is in fact the very opposite. Simply knowing the society that Lenina lives in would allow one to know the type of person she is. She is not a pure woman of "vestal modesty" but instead, she is a "piece of meat" as Bernard would say. Lenina knows that she is a woman to be used for her sexuality and she has no reason to feel as if this is wrong. Yet, John sees the beauty in her sexuality. He sees the beauty in the femininity of Lenina and he does not want to destroy it by touching her or unzipping her jacket. In creating this irony, the author allows the reader to further establish the differences between the two societies presented at this point. The reader is able to see how the morals and thought processes of the Reservation world and the other world differ. Furthermore, the reader is able to discern whether or not these differences in thinking will have an effect on the characters in the book.

A glimpse of John's early life (Brave New World-8)

"He shook his head. 'It's almost inconceivable. I shall never understand, unless you explain.'
'Explain what?'
'This.' He indicated the pueblo. 'That.' And it was the little house outside the village. 'Everything. All your life.'"
(Brave New World, page 123)


Bernard is able to speak to John and he asks him to tell him everything about his life as far back as he can remember. Bernard listens to John and truly wants to hear what John's life has been like. Bernard wants to understand this new, foreign world. Thus, the anecdote/flashback of John's early life begins. Purposefully, the author creates this flashback to show the differences of the Reservation life and the New World life. We see how John was brought up in his society. We also see how John is sort of a misfit in society because he was raised in the Reservation but raised by his mother who came from the "other world". Undoubtedly, John is a confused child. John only knows the life that he has experienced and the life that he lives in. However, he knows several stories of this "perfect life" that his mother lived in the "other world". I also found a similarity between the two characters of this chapter. Just as Bernard is looking for more in the world that he lives in, John is looking for more than the life that he is living. John is an outcast in his the society in which he lives. Bernard is an outcast in the society in which he lives. Both John and Bernard are looking to find something more and they long to fit in somewhere. The author effectively shows this point by explaining John's early life through an anecdote.

Change in the story line...& the rising action begins (Brave New World-7)

"'She had gone walking alone in those mountains over there to the North, had fallen down a steep place and hurt her head. ('Go on, go on,' said Bernard excitedly.) Some hunters from Malpais had found her and brought her to the pueblo. As for the man who was his father, Linda had never seen him again. His name was Tomakin. (Yes, 'Thomas' was the D.H.C.'s first name.) He must have flown away, back to the Other Place, away without her--a bad, unkind, unnatural man.'" (Brave New World, page 118)

Well, I definitely wasn't expecting this one. But, it certainly created a new situation that may have an impact on the rest of the book. So, we are introduced to John and Linda. Linda, the former Beta, was impregnated by the D.H.C., Thomas (which the story told in chapter 6, foreshadowed!). Linda tells Bernard and Lenina of her life after living on the Reservation and her attempts to carry out her life that she had in "Other Place". This, however, proved to be unsuccessful seeing as the lifestyles of the Reservation and "Other Place" are completely different in several ways. Obviously, the purpose of the author putting these two characters in this chapter was to develop the story. The rising action is beginning because these two characters create a new complication in the story. As of right now, it is easy to see the contrast between the lifestyle described as "normal" that Lenina and Bernard experience and the lifestyle of the Reservation. Also, the contrast between John's way of life and Lenina's way of life is extremely evident. Also, the author shows a form of juxtaposition in both societies by contrasting the two. I predict that the two societies will somehow end up mixing and create the climax of the novel. I'm interested to see where the author will take the story from here.

Another blog about Bernard (Brave New World-6)

"'But I do,' he insisted. 'It makes me feel as though...' he hesitated, searching for words with which to express himself, 'as though I were more me, if you see what I mean. More on my own, not so completely a part of something else. Not just a  cell in the social body. Doesn't it make you feel like that, Lenina?'" (Brave New World, page 90)


So, I know my past 2 blogs have been about Bernard, but as of right now, he seems like the only character in the book that has some hope. Every other character in this book is so wrapped up in their own self-pleasure & hedonistic world (it has become even more apparent in the past chapter than it was when I wrote about hedonism in my third blog). It actually kind of makes me really disturbed to thing about the type of world that these people live in. This society is based around the fundamental principles of the technological advances of the time of President Ford. So much so that they revere Ford as a god. These people are disgusted and embarrassed of the thought of having actual parents. Every being in society regards their sexuality as something to use for their own benefit rather than it's actual purpose. I know that I am a sheltered, conservative Catholic girl, but still, these concepts on which their society is based is just absolutely absurd. This is why I'm writing about Bernard again. Bernard is still a little confused right now with everything that is going on in the culture in which he lives. However, as the quote above shows, Bernard knows that there is more to life that having sex and living as a community to create this happy-go-lucky, "pretend that everything is okay" world. Bernard is searching to find himself. Bernard feels and knows that he is stuck in this society where "everyone belongs to everyone" and he doesn't want to be apart of it anymore. It is all of these little details about Bernard's demeanor that give me hope for his character. There is more to Bernard than the rest of the characters in this book. Bernard sees that there is an actual human being with feelings beyond the fixated version that everyone is "created" to be. He also realizes more than anyone what is going on and he may be the one person that changes things in this world.